Check your HDD for bad sectors with badblocks

Install smartmontools to check the physical condition of a disk

sudo apt-get install smartmontools
sudo smartctl --all /dev/sdx

Check for the following.
#5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct =Bad sectors exchanged for working spare ones
#197Current_Pending_Sector = Getting reallocated in case the next write fails

ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   099   099   010    Pre-fail  Always        -      904
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0012   100   097   000    Old_age   Always        -      40

Check your HDD speed

sudo hdparm -Tt /dev/sdx

 

Check your drive name

sudo blkid
sudo pvdisplay 
sudo pvscan
sudo lshw -class disk
sudo lsblk
sudo fdisk -l

 

Scan in Readonly mode

sudo badblocks -sv /dev/sda

Auto fix the hard-drive Bad Sector

sudo badblocks -svn /dev/sdx

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